PR Crisis Case Studies in Real Time Free Essays

Open any public relations textbook and the section on crisis management will include examples of how organisations have demonstrated â€Å"best† or â€Å"worst† practice. And, it’s not just the textbooks, as recent incidents (eg Tiger Woods or Toyota) have seen plenty of advice from PR â€Å"experts† through online and social media. But, just as with the dead tree versions, these case studies are simplistic fictions. We will write a custom essay sample on PR Crisis Case Studies in Real Time or any similar topic only for you Order Now Heroes and villains are the main narrative, with a modernist approach reinforcing a recommended crisis management strategy. There’s just one way to communicate during a crisis – regardless of the organisation, the situation, the social context or the significance of the incident. This is the Tylenol way – presented as the right approach thanks to the swift action taken by Johnson Johnson. The reality (as previously clarified at PR Conversations as a misleading myth) isn’t allowed to get in the way of the lesson. After all, it promotes a way that PR, and organisational management, can be in control and preserve reputation through a few simple steps. Every case study reinforces the mantra – Exxon Valdez is presented as the epitome of poor crisis management; too slow to respond. Likewise Coca Cola and the Belgium â€Å"mass hysteria† case. Whilst the Pepsi â€Å"needle in a can† crisis is hailed, Perrier’s benzene example is criticised. The nature of textbooks is that authors synthesise cases into easy to understand advice that students can repeat in assignments, and practitioners can recall if they ever find themselves handling a crisis. It’s a comfort blanket of how to†¦, what not to do†¦, common mistakes and miracle cures. In the social media world of 24:7 global connections, the right way is repeated – only at warp speed. Tell it fast becomes tell it before you know anything. Tell it all means let the media and its rent-a-quote experts speculate about worst case scenarios. Be open – means unlimited social media engagement (regardless of what the legal or other ramifications may be). Have the CEO (or celebrity if a personal faux pas has occurred) lead communications with mandatory appearances on chatshows, a tour of news stations, and a YouTube apology. Mea culpa – the universal panacea: â€Å"I’m sorry if†¦Ã¢â‚¬  – anyone resisting the calls is bullied until they comply. The pound of flesh must be paid. They have to apologise publicly even if what’s occurred is a matter of private relations or affects only a few people – who could be communicated with directly, where contrition would be far more sincere and genuine. Everyone is a critic – retweeting endlessly, without checking the veracity of any source. Citizen journalism enables individual examples to be retold and extrapolated, without any attempt at verification if used by journalists and treated as absolute fact by social media networks. Crisis case studies in real time seem little different to those that have been carefully crafted for retelling in the textbooks. There is little evidence of the public relations profession reflecting or considering how cases could be handled differently in a post-modernist, complex and chaotic world. A few authors, such as Dawn Gilpin and Priscilla Murphy (Crisis Communications in a Complex World), challenge the simplification of turbulent reality. Isn’t it time that their views were at least presented alongside the â€Å"only way† propaganda that is taught on PR courses and espoused in both academic and practitioner texts? And even more important – shouldn’t more of us be speaking out against those PR and media experts influencing public and client expectations with naive views based on an unrealistic belief that all crisis situations can be easily managed and controlled? Let’s have more real life PR case studies that actually reflect the real time nature of managing contemporary crises. And we all might learn something new. How to cite PR Crisis Case Studies in Real Time, Essay examples

Communication for Managers Behavioral Communication

Question: Describe about the Communication for Managers of Behavioral Communication. Answer: Introduction: Behavioral communication is defined as a psychological construct to influence individual differences in the expectation, requirements and thoughts for the substitutes for more direct and open communication. As stated by Burns (1995), the tendency of people is to express the feelings, requirements and thought for the indirect messages and impact of behavior. As per the case study Jean was an experienced employee of a large organization. Jean seems to be angry by the unethical behavior of the head of the department. 1. Three approaches: Submissive approach: The person avoids conflict and confrontation by avoiding the topic at hand (Manning et al., 2013). Jean- I do not like the biasness in the work environment Manager- your work load is adequate with the work stracture Jean- ok, thanks Aggressive approach: The person is heavy-handed and makes the personal attack for the issue (Schlenkrich Upfold, 2009). Jean- I am not being paid for what I am doing according to the work load Manager- we are paying you adequate money for the work Jean- Sorry sir, it is not possible for me. Either you have to increase the salary or you have to reduce the work pressure. Assertive approach: The person is clear, calm and prepared to repeat what she has to say (Limbare, 2012). Jean- respected sir, I am the experienced employee of your firm. I have provided excellent service in your organization. I have done each work which you have allocated for me. Therefore, may I expect salary increment and higher designation in your firm? Manager- we are monitoring your performance. If the performance will good, then ww will talk to the higher management. If possible, we will surely provide salary increment to you 2. Advantages and disadvantage of each approach: Submissive approach: Advantage: Jean has requested the management about the unethical behavior at the workplace. It is observed that she has an experience of 6 months, but the management has treated her as a new employee and allocated huge task pressure on her. As stated by Manning et al. (2013) the submissive approach has positively influence the quality of the messages in the organization. Disadvantage: It has been observed that such submissive approach does not influence psychological development and self-empowerment (Manning et al., 2013). Aggressive approach: Advantage: The aggressive approach helped Jean to raise their voice against any unethical discrimination. It has been observed that the in society the persons have played a partial, role in the overall communication process that can now be tracked and mapped in the persons brain (Manning et al., 2013). Disadvantage: The aggressive behavior of Jean may create violence in the workplace (Limbare 2012). Assertive approach: Advantage: The assertive approach may create a positive relation between Jean and the management. The employees have presented their issues to the management and influenced them through the active communication strategy. It has been observed that the person has suspended everydays consciousness then the persons can conduct their reading, writing, speaking and analytic judgment (Manning et al., 2013). Disadvantage: Good presentation skill and expression is required for the assertive approach. Sometimes the response of the employees does not activate the emotional feelings of the management. The psychologist has said that the intrapsychic task of paying attention increase the experience of the employees (Manning et al., 2013). 3. Benefits of these approaches: As stated by Schlenkrich and Upfold (2009), the social problems have been understood by the managers and guidelines have been provided accordingly. Jean has faced the discrimination at the work place. In this situation, employees usually take an aggressive approach or submissive approach. Either the employees have requested the higher authority or shouted against the injustice. As argued by Limbare (2012), the employees have influenced by trhe leaders and the leaders have focused on the requirements of the organization. The submissive approach works in the conversation between the general employees and the management. The aggressive approach has smaller benefits. It has improved the situation quickly but created workplace violence (Burns, 1995). Assertive approach has created a good communication between the manager or the supervisors and the higher managers. Conclusion: After facing the workplace issues due to the management decision, Jean has planned to discuss with the management. Jean may implement any one of the approaches from the three approaches. However, the Assertive approach would be more beneficial for her because she can express her opinion in front of the higher authority and convince the higher authority to resolve her issues. Reference list: Burns, G. (1995). The secrets of team facilitation.Training Development,49(6), 46-53. Manning, C. A., Waldman, M. R., Lindsey, W. E., Newberg, A. B., Cotter-Lockard, D. (2013). Personal Inner ValuesA Key to Effective Face-to-Face Business Communication.Journal of Executive Education,11(1), 3. Schlenkrich, L., Upfold, C. (2009). A guideline for virtual team managers: The key to effective social interaction and communication.Electronic Journal Information Systems Evaluation Volume,12(1), 89-118. Limbare, S. (2012). Leadership styles conflict management styles of executives.Indian Journal of Industrial Relations, 172-180.

Drugs And Crime Essays (3258 words) - , Term Papers

Drugs And Crime Drugs, Crime and Prohibition Do drugs really cause crime, or is it our governments way of controlling the communities? Many people blame drugs for every problem in our society, but is it the true evil in our society? No one person can answer that question. There are only opinions and supposed theories on this issue. We have been taught over the years that drugs were bad and that they only affected the poor and less fortunate, and turned them into crazy criminals, but this isnt true to any extent. The laws controlling and prohibiting drugs are the true culprit. Would our crime levels decline if drugs were legalized to some extent, or would we just increase the destruction of our country? Over the past fifty years, prohibition has been proven to actually increase crime and drug use instead of its intended purpose, which was to extinguish the use of illicit drugs in the United States. We constantly here of prison over crowding, and why is that? Most of our prisons are filled with drug offenders, ranging from use to distribution of supposed illicit drugs. What is our country coming to? The purpose of this research paper is to view the advantages and disadvantages of the legalization of illicit drugs in the United States. I will examine each side of this major problem plaguing our fine country from past to present. People wake everyday to their normal and monotonous life without even thinking about what they are doing. They do not realize that they have been conditioned by the government and its laws to obey and follow the supposed norm of society. What is the norms of society, and who set the guidelines for them? No one can explain how these norms came about, they only know that they must follow them, or they could get in trouble with the law. We are going into the twenty first century, and we still follow laws that were passed hundreds of years ago. Why is this? We are a highly advanced country, but we spend time, lives and money on abiding by laws that were around before the automobile was even invented. I will begin with the history of our drug control policies, which have failed miserably, and examine the drug-crime connection. Policy History Drugs have been in this country since the beginning of time in some shape or form, which was used for personal and medicinal use. Usage of marijuana has been reported to date back to the founding of Jamestown (1). George Washington himself cultivated and used to relieve the pain of an aching tooth. Opium was accessible to anyone who wanted to purchase it, as Tylenol is today. People were able to obtain these drugs at any pharmacy or grocery store that stocked them. It was socially acceptable to use and sell drugs, but the addictive properties were not known at this time in history. In the beginning of the twentieth century, the Progressive movement wanted some form of drug regulation (1). There were a few factors that affected the change in public opinion. First, the US acquired the Philippine Islands, which gave the US a legal supply of opium to supply addicts. Second, was the concern over the affects that drugs had on people. Journalist at that time, who were highly influenced by t he government, published many fictional articles about crazy drug addicts, who raped and killed because of their drug use. Third, drugs were associated with blacks and Chinese immigrants, and this caused panic through the white communities( 1 ). In the early 1900s, President Roosevelt appointed three men, Rev. Charles Brent, an Episcopal bishop, Dr. Hamilton Wright, and Charles Tenney, a China missionary, to represent America at The Hague International Opium Convention of 1912. At this conference, the modern movement for abolitioning narcotics trafficking was began with the US involvement in the Philippines (2). Although there was regulations abroad, there was no legislation protecting the United States. In 1913, New York Representative Francis Harrison introduced two bills into Congress. One was to prohibit use and importation of opium, and the other was to regulate the manufacturing of smoking opium within the US. It was recognized as a revenue bill,

Discuss the Assertion that Market System is not Able to Allocate Resources Efficiently

Discuss the Assertion that Market System is not Able to Allocate Resources Efficiently According to wikipedia, a market may be of a variety of different systems, institutions, procedures, social relations and infrastructures whereby persons trade and goods and services are exchanged, forming part of the economy. The basic concept of market is any structure that allows the exchange of goods, services and information. In market there are the buyers and the sellers. Markets vary. There are financial markets, prediction markets, and so on. Market can be seen in two ways: as a study of abstract mechanism whereby supply and demand meet and deals are made. And second it is used as a symbol of an integrated and cohesive capitalist world economy.Market system is any systematic process enabling many market players to bid and ask. They help bidders and sellers interact and make deals. Because a market system relies on the assumption that players are unequally enabled, a market system is distinguished specifically from a voting system where candidates seek the support of voters on a less regular basis.English: supply demand 1An economic system is a system used to allocate resources because resources are limited. An economic system can be defined as a basic means of achieving economic goals which is inherent in the economic structure of a society (B.B.G Dictionary of Business Terms, 1987).The major function of an economic system is to work out the basic economic problems which are; *What is to be produced, *How is it to be produced, *For whom to produce and *How efficient is the use of resources. These economic problems are caused by the fact that resources are limited but human wants are unlimited. Therefore, every country desires to adopt an appropriate system which will result in efficient allocation of resources so as to avoid scarcity.There are three major systems adopted which are; Command Economic System,

The book called Brave New World Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The book called Brave New World - Essay Example The first chapter tends to introduce the responder to the society portrayed in Brave New World, as the Director tries to make the students familiar with Bokanovskification, an utterly scientific world; it immediately creates the impression that this highly scientific and sophisticated world is utterly oblivious to the natural considerations and the natural world. The hallmark of the society depicted in Brave New World is to give way to a human form that is starkly divested of its inner urges and yearnings and merely acts as an organic receptacle to the generalized social norms and practices. Thereby in Brave New World the intention of Aldous Huxley is to convey that considering the current direction in which the modern society is advancing, it will eventually distort and alter the human nature itself. Brave New World tends to offer a satirical vision of a future that is sans any flavor and happens to be innately sterile. In that context this science fiction novel happens to be anti-u topian or dystopian in its form and intent. The novel unravels a world that is not only starkly stultified by a marked lack of originality, but is also immensely oppressive in terms of the control that the authorities tend to exercise over the common people. Though the novel deals with a futuristic dystopia, yet it has marked links to the modern history in the sense that it resorts to a profuse usage of irony and paradox to bring out the bleak consequences of the scientific and technological development wrought by mankind in the last few decades. The theme of the novel is the impact of scientific development on mankind and the human interaction with nature that eventually gives way to a regimented world where the denizens are homogenized and categorized as five casts that are Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta and Epsilon, each cast fixed in its own set ways and incapable of any impromptu and impulsive inclinations and yearnings. This abominable strict social regimentation gets reflected in the feelings of Bernard, â€Å"The mockery made him feel an outsider; and feeling an outsider he behaved like one. †¦ A chromic fear of being slighted made him avoid his equals, made him stand, where his inferiors were concerned, self-consciously on his dignity (Huxley 65).† Brave New World presents a society that essentially accepts the incompatibility between a shallow and drab sense of happiness and the reality that the human beings are required to contend with on a daily basis by legalizing the consumption of a research drug that is ‘Soma’ that is used by the inhabitants of this futuristic world to escape the drabness and challenges marking the real world. In that sense it is indeed intriguing and disturbing to see that Mustapha Mond, the most intelligent and most accomplished benefactor of the world state regards the drug soma as an immaculate tool to assure social harmony and peace. His thoughts regarding soma become obvious in his conversation with Jo hn where he assures John that the world state will rescue him from the dire consequences of an interaction with reality by giving him doses of soma. The soma is shown to be having the power to induce a pacific state in the people inhabiting the world state at the cost of depriving them of their individuality and innate personality. It is the cherished and legalized panacea in the

Critical Thinking Skills, Emotional Intelligence, and Employee Essay

Critical Thinking Skills, Emotional Intelligence, and Employee Engagement - Essay Example The process of critical thinking involves evaluating, analyzing or synthesizing the data that has been gathered through observation, reflection, communication, experience or reasoning (Foundations for Critical Thinking 1). The process is guided by the information gathered, a set of beliefs and the intellectual commitment to apply such skills to shape behavior in an organization. Critical thinking is very applicable in the daily running of the organization and can be applied in decision-making, yielding very positive results. Emotional intelligence, on the other hand, is the ability of to handle one’s emotions and control them, in order to relate well with other people in the organization (Cherry 1). Emotional intelligence entails perceiving emotions, reasoning with them, understanding them and managing the emotions. The concept of emotional intelligence is very essential in the management of an organization. It enables a manager to relate well with the employees, and apply the concept of diversity. A manager who exercises emotional intelligence works with the understanding that, all people are different. Thus, each should be listened to, and understood. Employee engagement is another very pivotal element in the running of the organization. Employee engagement refers to the emotional commitment that the workers of an organization attach to the organization and its aims (Kruse 2). In essence, employee engagement means that the workers care about the services they deliver to an organization. The concept is very relevant to the organization. An engaged employee contributes immensely to the positive growth of the organization. The three concepts of employee engagement, critical thinking and emotional intelligence are almost equally important in an organization. Without each of them, there will be dire consequences for the management of the

The Solar System Planets Orbiting other Stars Essay

The Solar System Planets Orbiting other Stars - Essay Example 1 However the origin of our solar system is explained questions still remain unanswered and are the focus of research by scientists around the globe. Are there other planets outside of our solar system If there are, are they able to sustain life What techniques have been employed to study these planets and other heavenly bodies when they are light years away from us These are just a few of the crucial questions that scientists try to answer since Galileo Galile' invented the telescope in the early 1600s. How does one differentiate a planet from an asteroid or from any other celestial body In an article by Samantha Harvey posted at the NASA e-magazine, planets have been defined as "a celestial body that (a) is in orbit around the Sun, (b) has sufficient mass for its self-gravity to overcome rigid body forces so that it assumes a hydrostatic equilibrium (nearly round) shape and (c) has cleared the neighborhood around its orbit." At the same time, new moons are also being discovered, both around existing planets and within these mysterious new worlds. Once the existence of a moon is confirmed and its orbit determined, the moon is given a final name by the International Astronomical Union (IAU), the organization that assumed this task since 1919.2 Though space has always been there, it was only in 1957 that a spacecraft was actually sent into space to measure what it is like. Until 1991, only the planets in our solar system are the only known planets. Nevertheless, astronomers did not believe that our Sun's environment was the only planet producer in the universe. Yet they had no evidence of planets outside our solar system. Not until 1991 that radio astronomers detected the first extrasolar planets orbiting a dying pulsar star. This extrasolar planet is a remnant of a supernova explosion in the constellation Virgo hence is not able to sustain life because of the deadly radiation it emits. Then, in 1995, Swiss astronomers found another extra-solar planetary candidate. This star, found in the constellation of Pegasus, is much more like our Sun with respect to its temperature, size, rotation speed and emitted radiation. Although this is also considered not a good candidate to sustain life, it was the first ever evidence of an extrasolar planet around a Sun-like star.3 Other concern in studying extrasolar worlds is whether life may exist there. Variables like size, distance and temperature will serve as indicators that a particular extrasolar planet may be considered a life-bearing planet. Basic techniques being employed to accomplish such